Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ihlabathi libone utshintsho olukhulu oluya kumandla avuselelekayo, apho izisombululo zelanga zikhokela umrhumo. Njengoko imfuno yamandla acocekileyo iqhubeka ikhula, ukuqhubela phambili kwitekhnoloji yelanga kubaluleke ngakumbi kunangaphambili. Eli nqaku liza kujonga izinto ezintsha zamva nje kwizisombululo zelanga, ligqamisa indlela eziguqula ngayo imeko yamandla kwaye zivula indlela yekamva elizinzileyo.
Enye yezona zinto zinomdla kakhulu kwiizisombululo zamandla elangaIteknoloji kukuvela kweephaneli zelanga ezisebenzayo kakhulu. Iiphaneli zelanga zemveli zihlala ziguqula malunga ne-15-20% yokukhanya kwelanga zibe ngumbane. Nangona kunjalo, inkqubela phambili kwezobuchwepheshe kutshanje zenze ukuba iiphaneli zelanga zikwazi ukufikelela ekusebenzeni okungaphezulu kwe-22%. Ezi phaneli zelanga ezisebenzayo kakhulu zisebenzisa izixhobo eziphambili ezifana ne-monocrystalline silicon kunye noyilo lwe-bifacial, olubamba ukukhanya kwelanga kumacala omabini. Olu tshintsho alugcini nje ngokwandisa amandla okukhupha kodwa lukwanciphisa indawo efunekayo yokufakelwa kwelanga, okwenza zibe lukhetho olunomtsalane kwiindawo zasezidolophini.
Enye inkqubela phambili ebalulekileyo kwizisombululo zamandla elanga kukudibanisa iinkqubo zokugcina amandla. Ngenxa yokuba ukuveliswa kwamandla elanga ngokwemvelo kuyenzeka ngamaxesha athile, ukukwazi ukugcina amandla agqithisileyo ukuze kusetyenziswe kwiintsuku ezinamafu kubalulekile. Izisombululo zamandla elanga zanamhlanje zihlala zisebenzisa iinkqubo zebhetri ye-lithium-ion, ezinokugcina umbane wasemini ukuze zisetyenziswe ebusuku okanye kwiintsuku ezinamafu. Le teknoloji ayiphuculi nje kuphela ukuthembeka kwamandla elanga kodwa ikwavumela amakhaya namashishini ukuba asebenzise amandla ngokuzimela, nto leyo enciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwawo kwigridi.
Ngaphezu koko, ukunyuka kwetekhnoloji yelanga ekrelekrele kuyitshintsha indlela esisebenzisana ngayo nezisombululo zelanga. Ii-inverters ezikrelekrele kunye neenkqubo zokubeka esweni zivumela abasebenzisi ukuba balandelele imveliso yabo yamandla kunye nokusetyenziswa kwawo ngexesha langempela. Ezi nkqubo zinokulungisa ngokuzenzekelayo useto ngokusekelwe kwiimeko zemozulu kunye nemfuno yamandla, ziphucule ukusetyenziswa kwamandla. Ngaphezu koko, zibonelela ngedatha ebalulekileyo ukunceda abasebenzisi ukuba benze izigqibo ezinolwazi malunga nokusetyenziswa kwamandla, ziphucule ngakumbi ukusebenza kakuhle kwezisombululo zabo zelanga.
Iimodeli zokuxhasa ngemali ezintsha nazo ziqhuba ukukhula kwezisombululo zelanga. Njengoko iindleko zobuchwepheshe belanga ziqhubeka nokuhla, iindlela ezintsha zokuxhasa ngemali ezifana nezivumelwano zokuthenga umbane (ii-PPA) kunye neeprojekthi zelanga zoluntu zenza amandla elanga afikeleleke ngakumbi kubaphulaphuli abaninzi. Ezi modeli zivumela abantu kunye namashishini ukuba batyale imali kwizisombululo zelanga ngaphandle kweendleko zangaphambili eziqhele ukunxulunyaniswa nokufakelwa kweephaneli zelanga. Ngokwenza amandla elanga afikeleleke kuwo wonke umntu, ezi ndlela zokuxhasa ngemali zikhawulezisa ukwamkelwa kwezisombululo zelanga kuluntu olwahlukeneyo.
Ngaphezu koko, inkqubela phambili kubuchwepheshe belanga ayipheleli nje kwizicelo zokuhlala. Iifama ezinkulu zelanga ziya zisiba zisebenza kakuhle kwaye zifikeleleka, ngenxa yobuchule kwiinkqubo zokulandelela ezilandela ilanga imini yonke. Ezi trackers zinokunyusa ukuveliswa kombane ukuya kuthi ga kwi-25%, okwenza iifama zelanga zibe lukhetho olusebenzisekayo lokuvelisa umbane olusetyenziswa kakhulu. Njengoko amazwe ezama ukuhlangabezana neenjongo zawo zamandla ahlaziyekayo, ezi zisombululo zelanga ezinkulu zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekutshintsheleni kwikamva lamandla azinzileyo.
Ngamafutshane, inkqubela phambili yakutshanjeizisombululo zelangaubuchwepheshe buyayiguqula imeko yamandla, benza amandla elanga asebenze ngcono, athembeke, kwaye afikeleleke kunangaphambili. Ukusuka kwiiphaneli zelanga ezisebenzayo kakhulu kunye neenkqubo zokugcina amandla ukuya kubuchwepheshe obukrelekrele kunye neemodeli ezintsha zemali, olu phuhliso luvula indlela yekamva elicocekileyo nelizinzileyo. Njengoko siqhubeka sihlola kwaye sityala imali kwizisombululo zelanga, sisiya kwihlabathi eliqhutywa ngamandla avuselelekayo, sinciphisa umbane wethu wekhabhoni kwaye silwa notshintsho lwemozulu. Ikamva lamandla liqaqambile, kwaye izisombululo zelanga ziphambili kolu tshintsho.
Ixesha leposi: Sep-26-2025
